Non-communicable · Medium priority
Obesity, fatty-liver disease, and healthy-lifestyle promotion
Core disease facts with the linked government programme, prevention and treatment or cure reality.
TypeNon-infectious metabolic and lifestyle-related conditions.
Government programmes, schemes and services
- Programme: National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD): Promotes healthy diet and physical activity, assesses NCD risk and manages linked conditions such as obesity, diabetes and fatty-liver disease.
- Linked initiative: Eat Right India and Fit India: Promote healthier food choices and regular physical activity as population-level prevention; they are not treatment schemes.
- Service: Ayushman Arogya Mandir wellness services: Provide community counselling, risk assessment, screening and follow-up for lifestyle-related disease.
Prevention
- Prevent: Healthy diet, physical activity, weight/waist monitoring, less sugar/trans-fat, no tobacco, limited harmful alcohol use
Treatment and cure reality
- Treat: Obesity is treatable with sustained lifestyle care, medicines or surgery when indicated; early fatty liver may improve substantially with weight and metabolic control.
Must remember
- Body Mass Index: Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared.
- Central obesity: Waist circumference adds cardiometabolic-risk information beyond Body Mass Index.
- Metabolic risk cluster: Abdominal obesity, high glucose, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Closely associated with obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia; now included in expanded National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases activities.
- Government prevention message: No tobacco, limited harmful alcohol use, lower salt and trans-fat intake, healthy diet, physical activity, healthy weight, sleep, and regular screening.